So far, seven vaccines for KOVID-19 have been approved

on Mar 7, 21 • by NVO Infocentar •

Researchers are currently testing 80 vaccines in clinical trials in humans, and 23 have reached the final stages of testing...

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Vaccines are usually the result of years of research and testing before they reach the population, but in 2020, scientists began a race to produce safe and effective coronavirus vaccines in record time. Researchers are currently testing 80 vaccines in human clinical trials, and 23 have reached the final stages of testing. About 77 preclinical vaccines are under active investigation in animals. At least 141 countries worldwide have started vaccination against COVID-19.

Only seven vaccines have been approved and more than 540.9 million doses have been administered worldwide, equivalent to 7.0 doses for every 100 people. There is already a large gap between vaccination programs in different countries. Some are already receiving the second dose, and in other countries a large part of the population has not yet received the first dose. While vaccine doses remain relatively scarce globally, most countries have focused their first vaccination efforts on priority groups such as the chronically ill, people over 60, 70, and older, and first-line medical personnel such as physicians and nurses.

Israel vaccinates its population faster than any other country, administering 111.7 doses per 100 people.

Stages of vaccine testing

There are 25 vaccines in the first phase

Stage 1 – Safety test: Scientists give the vaccine to a small number of people to test for safety and dosage, as well as to confirm that it stimulates immunity.

33 vaccines entered the second phase

Phase 2 – Extended Trials: Scientists give the vaccine to hundreds of people divided into age groups to see if the vaccine works differently for them. These tests further test the safety of the vaccine.

There are 23 vaccines in the third phase

Phase 3 – Efficacy Test: Scientists give the vaccine to thousands of people and wait to see how much they become infected, compared to volunteers who received a placebo. These tests can determine if the vaccine protects against the coronavirus by measuring the known rate of efficacy. Phase 3 trials are also large enough to find evidence of relatively rare side effects.

6 vaccines are authorized

Early and limited approval: Many countries have procedures for obtaining emergency vaccine approvals based on preliminary evidence that they are safe and effective.

7 vaccines approved

Approval: Regulators review the full results of trials and vaccine production plans and decide whether to grant full approval.

4 vaccines rejected (rejected for use after testing)

Paused or Rejected: If researchers notice worrying symptoms in volunteers, they may pause the test. After further investigation, the examination may be resumed or rejected altogether. Researchers have begun combining test phases as one way to speed up the development of vaccines. Some vaccines are now in phase 1/2 trials.